Drs. John Harley and Judith James at the OMRF established a link between Epstein-Barr virus and lupus
On Dec. 15, 1997, scientists from the Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation (OMRF) announced that Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (lupus)…
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Stanley B. Prusiner awarded the Nobel Prize in Medicine
On Oct. 6, 1997, Stanley B. Prusiner, MD, was awarded the Nobel Prize for Medicine ‘for his discovery…
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Enterovirus 71 epidemic reported in Malaysia
In 1997, the first Enterovirus 71 (EV71) epidemic was reported in Malaysia. EV71 is an important emerging pathogen…
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Biotechnology | CDC | Infectious Disease | Polio | Vaccine
ACIP recommended adoption of a sequential series of two doses of IPV followed by two doses of OPV for all infants and children
In 1997, the Immunization Practices Advisory Committee (ACIP) recommended adoption of a sequential series of two doses of…
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Diphtheria and tetanus toxoids and acellular pertussis vaccine was licensed
On Dec. 30, 1996, the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) announced it had licensed three DTaP vaccines for…
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A combined Haemophilus influenzae type b conjugate and hepatitis B vaccine was licensed
On Oct. 2, 1996, the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) licensed a combined Hib conjugate and hepatitis B…
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Diphtheria and tetanus toxoids and acellular pertussis vaccine adsorbed was licensed
On Jul. 31, 1996, the diphtheria and tetanus toxoids and acellular pertussis vaccine adsorbed (Tripedia by Aventis Pasteur)…
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A second inactivated hepatitis A vaccine (Vaqta by Merck) was licensed
On Mar. 29, 1996, the second inactivated hepatitis A vaccine (Vaqta by Merck) was recommended in persons greater…
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The first official case of devil tumor facial disease was reported
In 1996, the first official case of devil tumor facial disease was reported. Devil Facial Tumour Disease (DFTD)…
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Avian influenza H5N1 virus was first isolated from a farmed goose in China
In 1996, A/goose/Guangdong/1/1996 (H5N1), the precursor of the highly pathogenic H5N1 avian influenza viruses (HPAIVs) was identified in…
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Livermore National Lab delivered the first fully portable, battery-powered, real-time DNA analysis system to the US Army
In 1996, Livermore National Lab delivered to the U.S. Army for testing the first fully portable, battery-powered, real-time…
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Biotechnology | CDC | Diagnostics | Genomics | Infectious Disease | NIH | Therapeutics
The CDC launched PulseNet, a national network of laboratories
In 1996, the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) launched PulseNet, a national network of laboratories,…
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The CDC investigated an deadly outbreak of Ebola virus in Zaire
On May 6, 1995, the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) investigated an deadly outbreak of…
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former U.S. President Jimmy Carter brokered a six-month cease-fire in Sudan to help eradicate Guinea worm disease
On Mar. 27, 1995, former U.S. President Jimmy Carter brokered a six-month cease-fire in Sudan to help eradicate…
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Varicella virus vaccine, live was licensed for the active immunization of persons 12 months of age and older
On Mar. 17, 1995, the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) licensed Varicella Virus Vaccine, Live (VARIVAX {registered symbol}), manufactured…
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The first inactivated hepatitis A vaccine was licensed
On Feb. 22, 1995, the first inactivated hepatitis A vaccine, distributed by SmithKline Beecham Pharmaceuticals (Philadelphia, Pennsylvania), was…
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Biotechnology | CDC | FDA | Infectious Disease | Influenza | Measles | Polio | Vaccine
The ACIP, American Academy of Pediatrics, and the American Association of Family Physicians issued the first “harmonized” childhood immunization schedule
In 1995, the Immunization Practices Advisory Committee (ACIP), American Academy of Pediatrics, and the American Association of Family…
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Researcher David D. Ho unlocked HIV replication leading to development of combination drug therapy and lower AIDS death
In 1995, AIDS researcher David D. Ho from the The Rockefeller University unlocked HIV replication that led to…
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Based on the CDC’s recommendations, the Emerging Infections Program was established for the U.S.
In 1995, the Emerging Infections Program (EIP) was established as a collaboration between 10 state health departments, their…
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The Americas were certified polio-free
On Sept. 29, 1994, based on recommendations of the national certification committees and after review of surveillance and…
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Outbreaks of bubonic and pneumonic plague reported in south-central, southwestern and northern India
On Aug. 26, 1994, the plague struck Surat, a city in the state of Gujarat in western India,…
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Biotechnology | Infectious Disease | Polio | Vaccine | WHO
The entire Western Hemisphere was certified as “polio-free”
On Aug. 20, 1994, the entire Western Hemisphere was certified as “polio-free” by the International Commission for the…
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The Global Programme for Vaccines and Immunization was created
In March 1994, the Global Programme for Vaccines and Immunization was created, merging two World Health Organization (WHO)…
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DNA of tuberculosis was isolated from 1,000 Year Old Peruvian mummy
On Dec. 1, 1993, scientists reported the recovery of DNA unique to Mycobacterium tuberculosis from a lung lesion…
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CDC | Infectious Disease | Influenza | NIH | Polio | U.S. Congress | Vaccine
U.S. Congress created the National Vaccine Program
On Aug. 10, 1993, in response to a growing measles epidemic, the U.S. Congress created the National Vaccine…
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The CDC responded to a Hantavirus outbreak in the southwestern U.S.
On May 14, 1993, the New Mexico Department of Health (NMDOH) reported it was notified by the Office…
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CDC reponded to E. coli Outbreak from Hamburgers in Western United States
On Apr. 16, 1993, the U.S. Centers for Disease Control (CDC) reported that from November 15, 1992, through…
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A combined Haemophilus influenzae type b vaccine and whole cell DTP vaccine was licensed
On Mar. 30, 1993, the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved a combined diphtheria and tetanus toxoids and…
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The FDA approved use of a new haemophilus b conjugate vaccine for infants and children
On Mar. 30, 1993, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved a new Haemophilus b conjugate vaccine,…
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The Institute of Medicine published “The Children’s Vaccine Initiative”
In 1993, The Institute of Medicine published “The Children’s Vaccine Initiative: Achieving the Vision.” The Children’s Vaccine Initiative…
