In 1975, The National Plant Genetic Resources Board (NPGRB) was established by the secretary of agriculture in 1975, in part because of the concerns expressed in the wake of both the 1970 corn blight and the release of the report, Genetic Vulnerability of Major Crops (National Research Council, 1972). The NPGRB advises the secretary of agriculture and the officers of the National Association of State Universities and Land-Grant Colleges on national policy related to the problems, needs, and welfare of the nation’s plant genetic resources activities as they affect the food production system. It also establishes priorities for safeguarding plant genetic resources.

Members are scientists and administrators from the public and private sectors who are appointed by the secretary of agriculture to serve a 2-year term.