On Nov. 13, 2020, a study from Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis and St. Jude Childrenﾒs Research Hospital in Memphis, Tenn., suggested that an out-of-control immune response is not the main problem for the vast majority of hospitalized COVID-19 patients.

Only 4% of patients in the study had the sky-high levels of immune molecules that signify a so-called ‘cytokine storm.’ The rest had inflammation, but not a remarkably high amount for people fighting infection. The findings were published in Science Advances.