On Nov. 6, 2025, the Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation (IHME) at the University of Washington School of Medicine released findings from a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD) 2023 of Chagas disease.

Chagas disease is a neglected tropical disease caused by the protozoan Trypanosoma cruzi, primarily transmitted by infected bugs, but also through contaminated food, transfusions, congenital transmission, and organ transplantation. Chagas disease has acute and chronic phases; the chronic phase can occur decades after infection, leading to complications such as heart failure, arrhythmias, and megaviscera.

The IHMA estimated 10·5 million Chagas disease prevalent cases in 2023 globally, a 16·1% decrease compared with 1990. Non-endemic regions experienced notable increases in prevalence due to migration from endemic countries. The age distribution of cases shifted over time, peaking at older ages in 2023 (between age 45 years and 65 years) compared with 1990 (30–45 years). In 2023, there were 352,000 new cases of Chagas disease globally and 8,420 (7480–9360) deaths globally.