On Dec. 20, 2025, a new study published in the journal BMC Infectious Diseases reported that viral emergence peaked during 1950–1979 and again since 2000, with the United States, China, and Australia most frequently reported as initial detection sites, reflecting differences in surveillance and research capacity.

RNA viruses, particularly influenza viruses and coronaviruses, dominated emergence events. Vector-borne and zoonotic pathogens accounted for 62% of EIDs. Temporal peaks corresponded with advancements in molecular diagnostics, laboratory infrastructure, and global surveillance networks. The research team identified 212 viruses, with most emerging between 1950 and 1979 and 52 since 2000. Febrile disease was predominant (27.4%), with respiratory and hemorrhagic diseases also prevalent.

The findings highlight how technological, ecological, and socio-demographic factors shape viral emergence. The interactive visualization tool provides a resource for understanding historical trends, informing risk assessment, and guiding future surveillance strategies.