Variolation was introduced to Great Britain
In 1721, variolation was introduced to Great Britain. In 1840, the British government passed the Vaccination Act that provided free vaccinations for the poor and outlawed ‘inoculation,’ which at that time meant ‘variolation,’ inoculation of smallpox material. Before the smallpox vaccine had been developed, it was reported that about 4,000 people died from that disease each year in London alone.
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Source: U.S. National Library of Medicine
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