On Nov. 22, 2021, Tonix Pharmaceuticals announced the publication of ﾓSangivamycin is highly effective against SARS-CoV-2 in vitro and has favorable drug properties,ﾔ in JCI Insight. The paper includes in vitro studies that showed sangivamycin, the active pharmaceutical ingredient in the Companyﾒs (TNX-3500) product candidate, is a potent antiviral against SARS-CoV-2, the cause of COVID-19, and suppresses viral replication in tissue culture with greater efficacy than remdesivir, the active pharmaceutical ingredient of Gilead Sciencesﾒs Vekluryﾮ.

When tested in combination with remdesivir, both drugs had additive rather than competitive effect against SARS-CoV-2.