In 1983, the National Cancer Institute formed the Division of Cancer Prevention and Control to accelerate the science of cancer control, giving a new definition to the term and a framework that describes a linear series of phases from hypothesis generation to demonstration projects.

The cancer control continuum has been used since at least the mid-1970s to describe the various stages from cancer etiology, prevention, early detection, diagnosis, treatment, survivorship, and end of life. The cancer control continuum is a useful framework on which to view plans, progress, and priorities. It helps us identify research gaps, where we must collaborate with others to have an impact, and where more resources may be needed.