In 1950, the Delaney Committee started congressional investigation of the safety of chemicals in foods and cosmetics, laying the foundation for the 1954 Miller Pesticide Amendment, the 1958 Food Additives Amendment, and the 1960 Color Additive Amendment. Section 409 of the Food, Drug and Cosmetic Act includes the “Delaney Clause,” which prohibits approval of a food additive found to induce cancer in humans or animals. The committee was chaired by James J. Delaney, U.S. Representative from New York.