On Dec. 21, 2021, the University of Oxford’s vaccine manufacturing research team published a pre-print paper demonstrating the feasibility of a step change in the speed and volume of production of adenovirus-vectored vaccines against new virus variants or other future pandemics.

The same team published a detailed account of its invention of a new manufacturing method and ﾑfranchiseﾒ approach to distribute production of the vaccine around the world. This enabled over 2 billion doses of the Oxford/AstraZeneca vaccine to be produced ﾖ more than any other COVID-19 vaccine ﾖ with the majority both made and used in low- and middle-income countries.