On May 27, 2020, the National Institutes of Health (NIH) announced it had found that molecules released into the blood following mild traumatic brain injury (TBI) may be indicators of neuronal damage associated with conditions such as post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and depression.

The study included military veterans and service members who were enrolled in the Chronic Effects of Neurotrauma Consortium multicenter observational study of the long-term effects of mild TBI and was published in Neurology.